LL.B Competition Law

Competition Law is a comprehensive, analytically rich, and student-oriented exposition of Indian competition law. It bridges doctrinal foundations with contemporary market realities, offering a balanced treatment of theory, case law, regulatory practice, and policy evolution. The authors trace the transformation of India's competition regime—from addressing traditional antitrust concerns such as cartels, bid-rigging, vertical restraints, dominance, and merger control, to engaging with the new-age complexities of digital markets, platform economics, algorithmic pricing, and AI-enabled collusion. With its depth, clarity, and contextual analysis, the book brings readers face to face with the evolving jurisprudence of the Competition Commission of India (CCI), the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT), and the Supreme Court. It also provides a forward-looking perspective on how market definition, consumer welfare, and regulatory oversight are being reshaped by technology and global economic changes.

Although beneficial to professionals, this Edition is primarily oriented toward students, including:

• LL.B. & LL.M. Students studying competition/antitrust law
• Business and Economics Students exploring market structure and regulatory economics
• Aspirants Preparing for Judicial Services, UGC-NET, PSU exams, and other competitive tests
• Students Participating in Moot Courts, Research Writing & Internships at CCI or law firms
• Early-stage Legal Practitioners requiring a structured and foundational understanding of the Competition Act

The accessible tone, clear sequencing, definitions, case summaries, and diagrams embedded in several chapters make it ideal as a textbook and exam companion.

The Present Publication is the Latest Edition, authored by Gautam Shahi and Dr Sudhanshu Kumar, with the following noteworthy features:

• [Clear, Step-by-Step Explanations of Core Concepts] The book introduces each major component of Indian competition law—agreements, dominance, and mergers—with definitions, illustrations, and logical breakdowns, which are essential for conceptual learning
• [Comprehensive Statutory & Case Law Coverage] Includes:
• CCI's major decisions
• NCLAT judgments
• Supreme Court rulings
• Amendments under the Competition (Amendment) Act 2023
• Students gain a full picture of how legal principles evolve through enforcement and adjudication
• [Digital-era Topics Explained in Simple Language] The book dedicates a full section to:
• Algorithmic pricing
• AI-powered collusion
• Data-driven market power
• Digital Competition Bill
• Platform & Big Tech regulation
• This makes it one of the few Indian textbooks that prepare students for the future of competition law.
• [Learning Tools Throughout the Text]
• Chapter summaries
• Key term definitions
• Illustrative examples
• Enforcement workflows
• Case references and brief annotations
• Step-wise explanations of procedures
• These features enhance classroom learning and revision
• [Balanced Academic–Practical Approach]
• Adv. Gautam Shahi brings practical insight from mergers, investigations, and litigation
• Dr Sudhanshu Kumar of NLSIU contributes doctrinal depth and clarity ideal for structured classroom teaching

The coverage of the book is as follows:

• Foundational Chapters
• Importance of competition in markets
• Objectives of the Competition Act
• MRTP transition
• Detailed Statutory Definitions – Agreement, Cartel, Enterprise, Relevant Market, Price, etc.
• These build the conceptual groundwork for students new to the subject
• Anti-Competitive Agreements (Horizontal & Vertical)
• Price fixing, market sharing, bid rigging
• Exchange of information
• Effects doctrine & AAEC
• Per se vs. rule-of-reason approaches
• Trade association liability
• Explained with diagrams, examples, and case summaries
• Abuse of Dominance
• Determining dominance
• Exclusionary conduct
• Predatory pricing
• Data and digital dominance
• Platform markets
• This section closely aligns the theory with modern market realities
• Combination (Merger) Regulation
• Thresholds
• Standstill obligation
• Filing procedure (Step-by-step, highly student-friendly)
• Horizontal/vertical/conglomerate mergers
• Remedies & modifications
• CCI's analytical framework
• Institutional Mechanisms & Enforcement
• Role and powers of the CCI
• Role of the Director General
• Investigation procedure
• Penalty framework
• Appeals (NCLAT, Supreme Court)
• New settlement & commitment mechanisms (2023 Amendment)
• Digital Economy, AI and Future Directions
• Algorithmic pricing
• AI collusion
• E-commerce markets
• Digital Competition Bill
• Policy challenges in data-driven markets

Ideally suited for semester courses, exam preparation, and self-study, the book follows:

• Start with Basic Concepts — Importance of competition, statutory definitions
• Move to Core Pillars — Agreements, dominance, mergers
• Enforcement and Procedure — CCI, DG, appeals
• Forward-looking Policy Topics — AI, digital markets, institutional reform
• Each chapter concludes with:
• Summary
• Case references
• Key learning takeaways
• This structure mirrors best practices in university teaching

About the Author

Gautam Shahi

Gautam Shahi is a distinguished Indian lawyer with deep expertise in competition law, regulatory litigation, and policy advisory. A Partner at Dua Associates, Delhi—one of India's leading law firms—he has extensive experience advising corporates and industry bodies on CCI investigations, merger notifications, and compliance strategies. Mr Shahi has represented both multinational and Indian companies in several high-profile antitrust cases and has been involved in some of the country's most significant M&A transactions requiring competition clearance. He appears regularly before the Competition Commission of India (CCI), the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT), various High Courts, and the Supreme Court of India, bringing a potent blend of litigation insight and regulatory expertise to his practice.

Sudhanshu Kumar

Dr Sudhanshu Kumar is a legal academic and Associate Professor of Law at the National Law School of India University (NLSIU), Bengaluru—India's premier institution for legal education and research. He currently serves as the Chair (I/c) of Consumer Law and Practice and as Co-Director of Professional and Continuing Education at NLSIU.

With scholarly expertise spanning corporate law, competition law, and regulatory governance, Dr Kumar brings a rich interdisciplinary and comparative lens to legal analysis. His research explores the intersections of law, economics, and public policy, focusing on how legal and regulatory frameworks shape market behaviour, institutional power, and corporate conduct.

He has published extensively in reputed journals on corporate and competition law. He is deeply engaged in teaching, research supervision, curriculum development, and key institutional initiatives at NLSIU, contributing significantly to academic thought and legal education in India.